Acetyltransferase in cardiovascular disease and aging

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Acetyltransferases are enzymes that catalyze the transfer of an acetyl group to a substrate, a modification referred to as acetylation. Loss-of-function variants in genes encoding acetyltransferases can lead to congenital disorders, often characterized by intellectual disability and heart and muscle defects. Their activity is influenced by dietary nutrients that alter acetyl coenzyme A levels, a key cofactor. Cardiovascular diseases, including ischemic, hypertensive, and diabetic heart diseases - leading causes of mortality in the elderly - are largely attributed to prolonged lifespan and the growing prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Acetyltransferases thus serve as a crucial link between lifestyle modifications, cardiometabolic disease, and aging through both epigenomic and non-epigenomic mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the roles and relevance of acetyltransferases. While the sirtuin family of deacetylases has been extensively studied in longevity, particularly through fasting-mediated NAD + metabolism, recent research has brought attention to the essential roles of acetyltransferases in health and aging-related pathways, including cell proliferation, DNA damage response, mitochondrial function, inflammation, and senescence. We begin with an overview of acetyltransferases, classifying them by domain structure, including canonical and non-canonical lysine acetyltransfera

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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