Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell secretome promotes testicular regeneration following chemically induced injury: a review of preclinical studies.

Relatively higher-quality human studies compared with other topics in this database, e.g. multiple RCTs or systematic reviews. This does not mean it is standard or approved care.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Male infertility is a rising problem globally with male factors contributing up to 50% of all couple infertility cases. The sperm quality decline raises serious concerns regarding future population sustainability and male reproductive health. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (AdMSC) secretome, defined as a cell-free product comprising paracrine factors secreted by these cells, has emerged as a promising cell-free regenerative therapy for testicular injury, offering advantages of accessibility and therapeutic potential. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of AdMSC secretome in chemically induced testicular injury models. A systematic literature search was conducted across four electronic databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, OVID and Cochrane) covering publications from 2015 to 2025. Preclinical studies investigating the therapeutic effects of AdMSC secretome in murine models of chemically induced testicular injury were included. Three preclinical studies utilizing male murine models were analysed. Testicular injury was induced using busulfan, doxorubicin or acrylamide. AdMSC secretome was administered via intra-testicular injection (n=2) and intravenous injection (n=1). All studies demonstrated partial regeneration of seminiferous tubule in secretome-treated groups compared with controls. Two studies reported reduced cellular apoptosis using TUNEL assay

Evidence level

Relatively higher-quality human studies compared with other topics in this database, e.g. multiple RCTs or systematic reviews. This does not mean it is standard or approved care.

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