Adipose Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Decrease Fatty Infiltration and Enhance Rotator Cuff Healing in a Rabbit Model of Chronic Tears.

Several human studies show positive signals, while research methods and sample sizes continue to develop.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Fatty infiltration and poor tendon-bone healing in chronic rotator cuff tears (RCTs) are associated with unsatisfactory prognosis. Adipose stem cell-derived exosomes (ASC-Exos), having multiple biological effects, can prevent muscle degeneration in acute RCTs. However, the effects of ASC-Exos on fatty infiltration and tendon-bone healing in chronic RCTs remain unknown. To study the effects of ASC-Exos on fatty infiltration and tendon-bone healing in a chronic RCT rabbit model. Controlled laboratory study. At week 0, we randomly allocated 35 rabbits to receive sham surgery (14 rabbits) or establish a bilateral RCT model (21 rabbits, detachment of the supraspinatus tendon). At week 6, a total of 7 rabbits received sham surgery, and 7 rabbits with RCT were sacrificed for fatty infiltration assay. The remaining 14 rabbits with bilateral RCTs were randomly assigned to a saline group (7 rabbits that received local saline injection and rotator cuff repair) or an ASC-Exos group (7 rabbits that received local ASC-Exos injection and rotator cuff repair). At week 18, all rabbits were sacrificed for histological examination and biomechanical testing. At week 18, the ASC-Exos group showed significantly lower fatty infiltration (14.01% ± 2.85%) compared with the saline group (21.79% ± 3.07%) ( P < .001), and no statistical difference compared with the time of repair (10.88% ± 2.64%) ( P = .1

Evidence level

Several human studies show positive signals, while research methods and sample sizes continue to develop.

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