Level D· Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studiesNarrative ReviewEurope PMCOpen access

Advances in Bioprinting to Model Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases

Ulloa-Fernández A., Markovic M., Fernández-Pérez J., Stary G., Ovsianikov A.

Narrative Review, published in Adv Healthc Mater (2026) — summary generated from the PubMed abstract.

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Level D· Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studiesEvidence level of this study

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

  • Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
  • Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
  • Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
  • Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
  • Emerging · Emerging topic under active research
Read the A–D evidence level guide

This page is generated from the PubMed record. The Thai description is an automated summary of bibliographic fields and the abstract, not a full translation, and is not medical advice.

Study type
Narrative Review
Journal
Adv Healthc Mater (2026)
Reported sample size
—
Source database
Europe PMC
PMID
41307229
PMCID
PMC12973356
DOI
10.1002/adhm.202503806
Citations
1

Abstract (original English)

Chronic, non-communicable inflammatory skin diseases, are a group of inflammatory conditions with high prevalence across the world and represent a significant challenge in medicine, due to the high number of patients arriving for medical consultations. The development of engineered skin tissue models aims to create advanced in vitro models that accurately recapitulate various skin disorders. Furthermore, the introduction of the 3Rs framework to reduce animal testing, alongside specific legislation intended to minimize such testing, has driven research toward developing in vitro models that closely imitate human conditions and skin pathologies, while also being suitable for testing new therapeutic and cosmetic products. In this context, advancements in bioprinting technologies, which promise to ensure consistent quality, reduce technical variances, and enable upscaling, can improve the reproducibility and performance of such models. This work discusses current advancements in the field of bioprinting of in vitro skin models with a particular focus on their application in the research of immune-mediated diseases.

What this study does not prove

  • • This study does not prove SVF is an approved treatment or a replacement for standard care.
  • • This is a narrative review: it collects no new patient data and does not systematically appraise evidence quality.

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

How we grade evidence
SkinAnimalsHumansSkin DiseasesTissue EngineeringModels, BiologicalBioprinting

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