[Advances in oral and craniofacial bone regeneration modulated by stem cells and biomaterials]

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Cranio-maxillofacial bone defects resulting from trauma, tumors, infection, or congenital malformations not only severely impair patients' physiological functions, but also impose a profound psychological burden, constituting a major public health issue that affects overall health and quality of life. Conventional reconstructive approaches, including autologous grafting and allogeneic implantation, can partially restore tissue morphology; however, limitations, such as donor-site morbidity, immune rejection, and long-term resorption prevent the achievement of true biological functional reconstruction. These challenges are particularly pronounced in the repair of complex and large-scale bone defects. The underlying cause lies in the insufficient understanding of the complex cellular behaviors, signaling networks, and material-host interactions involved in bone regeneration, which hampers precise regulation of the repair process. Therefore, the development of new theories, technologies, and materials grounded in mechanistic insights has become a key strategic direction in cranio-maxillofacial bone regeneration research. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Beijing Natural Science Foundation, and National and Provincial Major Talent Programs, our research group has addressed critical clinical challenges in cranio-maxillofacial bone defect repair by pro

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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