Application of Tendon-Derived Matrix and Carbodiimide Crosslinking Matures the Engineered Tendon-Like Proteome on Meltblown Scaffolds.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Background: Tendon injuries are increasingly common and heal by fibrosis rather than scar-less regeneration. Tissue engineering seeks to improve repair using synthetic polymer scaffolds with biomimetic factors to enhance the regenerative potential. Methods: In this study, we compared three groups, namely, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) meltblown scaffolds, PLA meltblown scaffolds coated with tendon-derived matrix (TDM), and PLA meltblown scaffolds with carbodiimide crosslinked TDM (2.5:1:1 EDC:NHS:COOH ratio) (EDC-TDM) and determined their potential for engineered tendon development. We cultured human adipose stem cells (hASCs) for 28 days on meltblown scaffolds ( n = 4-6/group) and measured tensile mechanical function, matrix synthesis, and matrix composition using biochemical assays and proteomics. Results: Coating PLA meltblown scaffolds with TDM improved yield stretch and stress at 28 days compared with PLA. Matrix synthesis rates for TDM or EDC-TDM were similar to PLA. Proteomic analysis revealed that hASCs produced a collagen-rich extracellular matrix, with many tendon-related matrix proteins. Coating scaffolds with TDM led to an increase in collagen type I whereas EDC-TDM scaffolds had an increase in glycoproteins and ECM regulators compared with other groups, consistent with increased maturity of the newly deposited matrix. Conclusions: TDM coating and crosslinking of meltblow

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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