Aspiration-assisted bioprinting of spheroids
Kim MH., Ozbolat IT.
Narrative Review, published in Nat Protoc (2026) — summary generated from the PubMed abstract.
Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.
- Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
- Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
- Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
- Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
- Emerging · Emerging topic under active research
This page is generated from the PubMed record. The Thai description is an automated summary of bibliographic fields and the abstract, not a full translation, and is not medical advice.
- Study type
- Narrative Review
- Journal
- Nat Protoc (2026)
- Reported sample size
- —
- Source database
- Europe PMC
- PMID
- 40973814
- PMCID
- PMC13005709
- DOI
- 10.1038/s41596-025-01240-x
- Citations
- 4
Abstract (original English)
Aspiration-assisted bioprinting (AAB) is a versatile biofabrication technique that enables the precise and selective patterning of biologics, such as tissue spheroids and organoids, addressing limitations of conventional bioprinting techniques. AAB facilitates the fabrication of (1) tissues with physiologically relevant cell densities using spheroids and (2) advanced tissue models that replicate three-dimensional microenvironments essential for studying cellular responses, disease development and drug testing. Here we provide reliable and reproducible guidelines for the precise positioning of abovementioned biologics, incorporating two operational modes: (1) a single-nozzle mode for precise, one-by-one bioprinting and (2) a high-throughput mode using a digitally controllable nozzle array, enabling the rapid and simultaneous placement of multiple spheroids for scalable tissue fabrication. Comprehensive instructions are included for setting up the AAB platform, operating software and key operational procedures, including optimization of bioprinting conditions. This Protocol enables users to build and operate their own AAB platform depending on target applications, achieving fine control over spheroid positioning through successful aspiration and their precise placement under optimized conditions. This Protocol enables the setup of the AAB platform within 1-2 d. Bioprinting time v
What this study does not prove
- • This study does not prove SVF is an approved treatment or a replacement for standard care.
- • This is a narrative review: it collects no new patient data and does not systematically appraise evidence quality.
Evidence level
Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.
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