ASPP-092, a Curcuma comosa diarylheptanoid, inhibits the adipogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells via activation of TGF-β/SMAD2/3 signaling.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Excessive bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) is a key contributor to postmenopausal osteoporosis. It is associated with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), which favor differentiation into adipocytes, thereby compromising osteoblast and bone formation. In addition, BMAT secretes anti-osteogenic factors that exacerbate bone loss. In this study, we investigated the effects of ASPP-092, a diarylheptanoid compound isolated from Curcuma comosa, on BM-MSC differentiation. ASPP-092 inhibited adipogenic differentiation and lipid accumulation by downregulating key adipogenic transcription factors and enzymes, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4). ASPP-092 also reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) while increasing anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 (IL-10) and adipokines such as leptin, adiponectin, and resistin. Transcriptomic analysis revealed upregulation of genes involved in the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), Hippo, and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathways. Pharmacological inhibition of TGF-β/SMAD2/3 signaling abolished the anti-adipogenic effects of ASPP-092. These findings identify a nove

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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