Atypical Lipomatous Tumor/Well-Differentiated Liposarcoma of the Salivary Gland and Its Diagnostic Challenges: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma (ALT/WDLPS) is a low-grade adipocytic neoplasm composed of mature adipocytes with at least focal nuclear atypia in adipocytes and stromal cells. The terms "atypical lipomatous tumor" and "well-differentiated liposarcoma" are site-dependent terms for the same morphological and genetic entity. Amplification of MDM2 and/or CDK4 is almost always present and is a defining molecular feature. It usually arises in deep soft tissue. Primary head-and-neck involvement is rare, and salivary gland tumors are exceptionally uncommon. Only a few salivary gland tumors have been reported and accurate diagnosis may be challenging because they can mimic benign lipomatous lesions. ALT lacks metastatic potential unless dedifferentiation occurs, but it carries a significant risk of local recurrence. Careful histology plus MDM2 gene testing improves diagnostic accuracy. We report a 59-year-old man presenting with a recurrent parotid mass 7 years after a lipoma excision at an outside facility. Imaging showed involvement of both superficial and deep lobes of the left parotid gland. The facial nerve was preserved during surgery, and the postoperative course was uneventful. Histologic examination of the reexcision specimen showed mature adipose tissue with adipocyte size variation and focal atypia within fibrous septa; fluorescence in situ hybridiz

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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