Bioengineered injectable HAMA/GelMA hydrogel encapsulating exosomes loaded lycopene mitigates deoxynivalenol-induced testicular injury via apoptotic pathway modulation
Ru F., Velmurugan R., Li C., Mu Y., Tian H., Zhou L.
Laboratory Study, published in J Biol Eng (2025) — summary generated from the PubMed abstract.
Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.
- Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
- Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
- Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
- Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
- Emerging · Emerging topic under active research
This page is generated from the PubMed record. The Thai description is an automated summary of bibliographic fields and the abstract, not a full translation, and is not medical advice.
- Study type
- Laboratory Study
- Journal
- J Biol Eng (2025)
- Reported sample size
- —
- Source database
- Europe PMC
- PMID
- 41035067
- PMCID
- PMC12487079
- DOI
- 10.1186/s13036-025-00555-3
- Citations
- 2
Abstract (original English)
Deoxynivalenol (Dex), a widespread mycotoxin found in contaminated cereals, induces testicular dysfunction primarily through oxidative stress, inflammation, and activation of apoptotic pathways. Lycopene (Lyc), a natural antioxidant, offers cytoprotective potential but is limited by poor aqueous solubility and instability. To address these limitations, we developed a bioengineered injectable hydrogel system composed of hyaluronic acid and gelatin methacrylate, both natural biopolymers, to encapsulate exosomes preloaded with lycopene (HAMA-GelMA@Exo-Lyc) for controlled, localized delivery. Comprehensive characterization demonstrated successful integration of HAMA-GelMA@Exo-Lyc hydrogel, evidenced by a shifted amide I band at 1643.67 cm⁻¹ and a uniform porous network of 50-150 μm. The modified hydrogel exhibited improved mechanical strength (21.8 ± 1.6 kPa), faster gelation (95 ± 8 s), and enhanced water retention (85.7 ± 3.1%) compared to the unmodified HAMA/GelMA system. In vitro, GC-1 spg cells treated with HAMA-GelMA@Exo-Lyc hydrogel exhibited enhanced viability, maintaining over 79.0 ± 0.30% cell survival at 150 µg/mL after 24 h, alongside reduced ROS levels and improved proliferative capacity compared to free Lyc. In a Dex-induced testicular injury model, HAMA/GelMA@Exo-Lyc treatment restored serum testosterone levels, improved spermatogenic architecture, and significantly
What this study does not prove
- • This study does not prove SVF is an approved treatment or a replacement for standard care.
- • This is preclinical work; animal or laboratory results cannot be applied to humans.
Evidence level
Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.
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