Black phosphorus-doped silk fibroin coating improves osteogenesis for ameliorative graft-bone healing of polyethylene terephthalate artificial ligaments

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

This study aimed to investigate the effect of black phosphorus-doped silk fibroin (BP/SF) coating on graft-bone healing of artificial ligaments made from polyethylene terephthalate (PET). A BP/SF-coated PET artificial ligament (BP/SF-PET) was prepared, and its surface characteristics were examined using transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The cytocompatibility and osteogenic induction ability of the BP/SF-PET ligaments were evaluated in vitro . In addition, uncoated PET (PET group, n = 15) and BP/SF-coated PET (BP/SF-PET group, n = 15) artificial ligaments were randomly applied for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in rabbits. Micro-computed tomography (CT), and histological, immunofluorescent, and biomechanical analyses were performed 6 and 12 weeks postoperatively to evaluate graft-bone healing in vivo . Material characterization results confirmed the presence of BP/SF coating on the PET surface. In vitro experiment findings showed that BP/SF coating enhanced the viability of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts and L929 fibroblasts, and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts. The BP/SF-PET group exhibited stronger Alizarin Red staining and greater expression of genes involved in osteogenesis ( COL1, OCN , and OPN ) than the PET group. Micro-CT and histological analyses showe

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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