Burst, Short, and Sustained Vitamin D 3 Applications Differentially Affect Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose Stem Cells.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Incorporation of 1,25(OH) 2 vitamin D 3 (vitD 3 ) into tissue-engineered scaffolds could aid the healing of critical-sized bone defects. We hypothesize that shorter applications of vitD 3 lead to more osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) than a sustained application. To test this, release from a scaffold was mimicked by exposing MSCs to exactly controlled vitD 3 regimens. Human adipose stem cells (hASCs) were seeded onto calcium phosphate particles, cultured for 20 days, and treated with 124 ng vitD 3 , either provided during 30 min before seeding ([200 nM]), during the first two days ([100 nM]), or during 20 days ([10 nM]). Alternatively, hASCs were treated for two days with 6.2 ng vitD 3 ([10 nM]). hASCs attached to the calcium phosphate particles and were viable (~75%). Cell number was not affected by the various vitD 3 applications. VitD 3 (124 ng) applied over 20 days increased cellular alkaline phosphatase activity at Days 7 and 20, reduced expression of the early osteogenic marker RUNX2 at Day 20, and strongly upregulated expression of the vitD 3 inactivating enzyme CYP24 . VitD 3 (124 ng) also reduced RUNX2 and increased CYP24 applied at [100 nM] for two days, but not at [200 nM] for 30 min. These results show that 20-day application of vitD 3 has more effect on hASCs than the same total amount applied in a shorter time span.

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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