A cautionary tale for autologous vascular tissue engineering: impact of human demographics on the ability of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to recruit and differentiate into smooth muscle cells.

Early human evidence such as case series or small samples is exploring possible benefits.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Autologous tissue-engineered blood vessels (TEBVs) generated using adult stem cells have shown promising results, but many preclinical evaluations do not test the efficacy of stem cells from patient populations likely to need therapy (i.e., elderly and diabetic humans). Two critical functions of these cells will be (i) secreting factors that induce the migration of host cells into the graft and (ii) differentiating into functional vascular cells themselves. The purpose of this study was to analyze whether adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) sourced from diabetic and elderly patients have a reduced ability to promote human smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration and differentiation potential toward SMCs, two important processes in stem cell-based tissue engineering of vascular grafts. SMC monolayers were disrupted in vitro by a scratch wound and were induced to close the wound by exposure to media conditioned by AD-MSCs from healthy, elderly, and diabetic patients. Media conditioned by AD-MSCs from healthy patients promoted the migration of SMCs and did so in a dose-dependent manner; heating the media to 56°C eliminated the media's potency. AD-MSCs from diabetic and elderly patients had a decreased ability to differentiate into SMCs under angiotensin II stimulation; however, only AD-MSCs from elderly donors were unable to promote SMC migration. Gender and body-mass index

Evidence level

Early human evidence such as case series or small samples is exploring possible benefits.

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