Characterization of different subpopulations from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells by alkaline phosphatase expression.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Multiple surface markers have been utilized for the enrichment of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and to define primitive stem cells. We classified human bone marrow-derived MSC populations according to tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) activity. TNAP expression varied among unexpanded primary MSCs, and its level was not related to colony-forming activity or putative surface markers, such as CD105 and CD29, donor age, or gender. TNAP levels were increased in larger cells, and a colony-forming unit-fibroblast assay revealed that the colony size was decreased during in vitro expansion. TNAP-positive (TNAP+) MSCs showed limited multipotential capacity, whereas TNAP-negative (TNAP-) MSCs retained the differentiation potential into 3 lineages (osteogenic-, adipogenic-, and chondrogenic differentiation). High degree of calcium mineralization and high level of osteogenic-related gene expression (osteopontin, dlx5, and cbfa1) were found in TNAP+ cells. In contrast, during chondrogenic differentiation, type II collagen was successfully induced in TNAP- cells, but not in TNAP+ cells. TNAP+ cells showed high levels of the hypertrophic markers, type X collagen and cbfa1. Mesenchymal stem cell antigen-1 (MSCA-1) is identical to TNAP. Therefore, TNAP+ cells were sorted by using antibody targeting MSCA-1. MSCA-1-positive cells sorted for TNAP+ cells exhibited low pro

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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