Co-culture of infrapatellar fat pad-derived mesenchymal stromal cells and articular chondrocytes in plasma clot for cartilage tissue engineering.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Cell source plays a deterministic role in defining the outcome of a cell-based cartilage regenerative therapy and its clinical translational ability. Recent efforts in the direction of co-culture of two or more cell types attempt to combine the advantages of constituent cell types and negate their demerits. We examined the potential of co-culture of infrapatellar fat pad-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (IFP MSCs) and articular chondrocytes (ACs) in plasma clots in terms of their ratios and culture formats for cartilage tissue engineering. It was observed that IFP MSCs and ACs interact positively to produce a better quality hyaline cartilage-like matrix. While a supra-additive deposition of sulfated Glycosaminoglycans (sGAG), collagen type II, aggrecan and link protein was observed, deposition of collagen type I and X was sub-additive. (Immuno)-histologically similar cartilage was generated in vitro in IFP MSC:AC ratio of 50:50 and pure AC groups thus yielding a hyaline cartilage with 50% reduced requirement of ACs. Subsequently, we investigated if this response could be improved further by enabling better cell-cell interactions using scaffold-free systems such as self-assembled cartilage or by encapsulating cellular micro-aggregates in plasma clot. However, it was inferred that while self-assembly may have enabled better cell-cell interaction, poor cell survival negated its o

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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