The Current Application Prospects of Nanomedicine in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI) is one of the main causes of acute kidney injury (AKI), and its pathological mechanism is complex, mainly involving multiple pathological processes such as oxidative stress outbreak, uncontrolled inflammatory response, abnormal cell apoptosis, and microcirculatory disorders. Currently, there is a lack of efficient and accurate diagnosis and treatment strategies in clinical practice. As a cross discipline integrating nanomaterials, medicine and biology, nanomedicine has shown unique advantages and broad application prospects in the diagnosis and treatment field of RIRI in recent years. Its core carriers include inorganic nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, nanoenzymes, extracellular vesicles, cell membrane camouflage nanoparticles and injectable nanohydrogels. The diagnosis and treatment system based on nanomedicine can breakthrough the limitations of traditional diagnosis and treatment models, and play an important role in early accurate diagnosis, targeted drug delivery, precise treatment of lesion sites, and prolonged drug circulation time in RIRI. It effectively solves pain points such as strong toxicity, short circulation time, and poor targeting of single drugs. However, the specific mechanism of action of nanomedicine in RIRI has not been fully elucidated, and issues such as the biosafety, in vivo metabolic patterns, and clinic

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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