Dynamic Role of Omega-3/Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Ratio in Modulation of Adipogenicity, Lipid Metabolites, and Adipokines Associated with Platelet Hyperactivity.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Background: Unhealthy expansion of adipose tissue (AT) due to excessive dietary intake of omega-6 or overnutrition stimulates the overaccumulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), resulting in AT metabolic dysregulation. Hypertrophic conditions, excessive adipose depots, and hypoxia stimulate the overproduction of collagenous and non-collagenous proteins, which pathophysiologically initiate the pro-fibrotic signaling pathway associated with fibrosis progression, resulting in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Methods: We aimed to investigate adipocyte plasticity in response to a varying ratio of omega-3 (ω3) to omega-6 (ω6) supplementation during the chemically induced adipogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Additionally, changes in lipid accumulation, adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia, active lipid metabolites, and inflammatory cytokine profiles were evaluated. Furthermore, conditioned media from adipocytes treated with different ω3/ω6 ratios were applied to platelets to assess inflammatory responses through prostaglandin and thromboxane measurements. Results: A 1:3 ratio of ω3/ω6 (20:60 µM) significantly reduced lipid accumulation, promoted brown-like adipocyte morphology, and decreased apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, as confirmed via FACS analysis. Transcriptional control of adipose tissue expansion was confirmed by

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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