Effects of Aqueous Dispersions of C 60 , C 70 and Gd@C 82 Fullerenes on Genes Involved in Oxidative Stress and Anti-Inflammatory Pathways

Early human evidence such as case series or small samples is exploring possible benefits.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Background Fullerenes and metallofullerenes can be considered promising nanopharmaceuticals themselves and as a basis for chemical modification. As reactive oxygen species homeostasis plays a vital role in cells, the study of their effect on genes involved in oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory responses are of particular importance. Methods Human fetal lung fibroblasts were incubated with aqueous dispersions of C 60 , C 70 , and Gd@C 82 in concentrations of 5 nM and 1.5 µM for 1, 3, 24, and 72 h. Cell viability, intracellular ROS, NOX4, NFκB, PRAR-γ, NRF2, heme oxygenase 1, and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 expression have been studied. Results & conclusion The aqueous dispersions of C 60 , C 70 , and Gd@C 82 fullerenes are active participants in reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. Low and high concentrations of aqueous fullerene dispersions (AFD) have similar effects. C 70 was the most inert substance, C 60 was the most active substance. All AFDs have both "prooxidant" and "antioxidant" effects but with a different balance. Gd@C 82 was a substance with more pronounced antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, while C 70 had more pronounced "prooxidant" properties.

Evidence level

Early human evidence such as case series or small samples is exploring possible benefits.

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