Endothelial differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells: effects of endothelial cell growth supplement and shear force.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Background Adipose tissue is a readily available source of multipotent adult stem cells for use in tissue engineering/regenerative medicine. Various growth factors have been used to stimulate acquisition of endothelial characteristics by adipose-derived stem cells (ASC). Herein we study the effects of endothelial cell growth supplement (ECGS) and physiological shear force on the differentiation of ASC into endothelial cells. Materials and methods Human ASC (CD13(+)29(+)90(+)31(-)45(-)) were isolated from periumbilical fat, cultured in ECGS media (for up to 3 wk), and exposed to physiological shear force (12 dynes for up to 8 d) in vitro. Endothelial phenotype was defined by cord formation on Matrigel, acetylated-low density lipoprotein (acLDL) uptake, and expression of nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), von Willebrand factor (vWF), and CD31 (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule, PECAM). Additionally, cell thrombogenicity was evaluated by seeding canine autologous ASC onto vascular grafts implanted within the canine arterial circulation for 2 wk. Results We found that undifferentiated ASC did not display any of the noted endothelial characteristics. After culture in ECGS, ASC formed cords in Matrigel but failed to take up acLDL or express the molecular markers. Subsequent exposure to shear resulted in stem cell realignment, acLDL uptake, and expression of CD31; eNOS and vWF ex

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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