Level D· Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studiesNarrative ReviewEurope PMCOpen access

Engineering ovarian tissue via biofabrication and 3D bioprinting: Challenges and emerging perspectives

Hsu CE., Mazza M., Perini G., Minopoli A., Ferrara V., Perfili C.

Narrative Review, published in Bioeng Transl Med (2026) — summary generated from the PubMed abstract.

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Level D· Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studiesEvidence level of this study

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

  • Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
  • Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
  • Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
  • Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
  • Emerging · Emerging topic under active research
Read the A–D evidence level guide

This page is generated from the PubMed record. The Thai description is an automated summary of bibliographic fields and the abstract, not a full translation, and is not medical advice.

Study type
Narrative Review
Journal
Bioeng Transl Med (2026)
Reported sample size
—
Source database
Europe PMC
PMID
42016868
PMCID
PMC13093675
DOI
10.1002/btm2.70088

Abstract (original English)

The development of bioprosthetic ovaries using advanced biofabrication and 3D bioprinting technologies has achieved significant attention in recent years. This work begins with an analysis of ovarian anatomy and physiology, emphasizing the critical structural and functional components that must be replicated for an effective engineered in vitro model. It further outlines the principles and capabilities of 3D bioprinting, with a focus on the customization of printing modalities and bioinks to closely mimic native ovarian tissue. Given the ovary's dual functions in gametogenesis and endocrine signaling, attention is given to how engineered constructs can be designed to restore hormonal homeostasis through the precise spatial arrangement and biological activity of embedded cells. Finally, the technical challenges and ethical considerations associated with translating bioprinted ovarian tissues into clinical applications are discussed.

What this study does not prove

  • • This study does not prove SVF is an approved treatment or a replacement for standard care.
  • • This is a narrative review: it collects no new patient data and does not systematically appraise evidence quality.

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

How we grade evidence

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