Equine mesenchymal stem cells inhibit T cell proliferation through different mechanisms depending on tissue source.

Several human studies show positive signals, while research methods and sample sizes continue to develop.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are used in both human clinical trials and veterinary medicine for the treatment of inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases. MSCs modulate inflammation by decreasing the cells and products of the inflammatory response. Stimulated equine MSCs from bone marrow (BM), adipose tissue (AT), cord blood (CB), and umbilical cord tissue (CT) inhibit lymphocyte proliferation and decrease inflammatory cytokine production. We hypothesized that equine MSCs inhibit T cell proliferation through secreted mediators and that MSCs from different tissue sources decrease T cell proliferation through different mechanisms. To test our hypotheses, we inhibited interleukin-6 (IL-6), nitric oxide (NO), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to determine their impact on stimulated T cell proliferation. We also determined how equine MSCs modulate lymphocyte proliferation either via cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. Inhibition of IL-6 or NO did not reverse the immunomodulatory effect of MSCs on activated T cells. In contrast, inhibition of PGE2 restored T cell proliferation, restored the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ, and increased IL-10 levels. MSCs from solid-tissue-derived sources, AT and CT, inhibited T cell proliferation through induction of lymphocyte apoptosis while blood-derived MSCs, BM and CB, induced lymphocyte cell cycle arrest. Equine MSCs from differe

Evidence level

Several human studies show positive signals, while research methods and sample sizes continue to develop.

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