Exosome-loaded hydrogels for bone regeneration: a cell-free therapeutic strategy.
Jin S., Zhou S.
Narrative Review, published in J Biol Eng (2026) — summary generated from the PubMed abstract.
Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.
- Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
- Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
- Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
- Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
- Emerging · Emerging topic under active research
This page is generated from the PubMed record. The Thai description is an automated summary of bibliographic fields and the abstract, not a full translation, and is not medical advice.
- Study type
- Narrative Review
- Journal
- J Biol Eng (2026)
- Country
- England
- Reported sample size
- —
- Source database
- PubMed
- PMID
- 41857754
- PMCID
- PMC13123198
- DOI
- 10.1186/s13036-026-00659-4
Abstract (original English)
Bone defects present significant challenges in clinical practice due to the limitations of traditional treatments. Compared to traditional cell therapies, exosome-based therapies have emerged as a promising alternative, offering a cell-free therapeutic strategy that harnesses the regenerative potential of stem cells. Exosome-based therapies are without the risks associated with live cell therapies, such as immune rejection and the complexities of large-scale cell culture systems. However, challenges such as stability and targeted delivery remain in the clinical translation of exosome therapies. To address these, recent advancements have focused on exosome-loaded hydrogels, which provide a controlled release system for exosomes, protecting them from degradation and ensuring sustained therapeutic effects at the bone defect site. These hydrogel systems offer an ideal environment for cell attachment, migration, and tissue formation, enhancing bone healing. This review explores exosomes in bone tissue engineering derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), and other resources such as dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), urine derived stem cells (USCs), and even skeletal stem cells (SSCs). Moreover, innovative strategies have been used to enhance the efficacy of exosome-based therapies, such as exosome mimetics‑loaded hydrogels as a scalable cell‑free s
What this study does not prove
- • This study does not prove SVF is an approved treatment or a replacement for standard care.
- • This is a narrative review: it collects no new patient data and does not systematically appraise evidence quality.
Evidence level
Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.
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