Exosomes Isolated From Adipose-Derived Stem Cells: A New Cell-Free Approach to Prevent the Muscle Degeneration Associated With Torn Rotator Cuffs.

Several human studies show positive signals, while research methods and sample sizes continue to develop.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Fatty infiltration, inflammation, and apoptosis are common degenerative changes in patients with chronic rotator cuff tears that can lead to muscle atrophy and can even result in massive irreparable rotator cuff tears. Some data have demonstrated the proregenerative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties of stem cell-derived exosomes in some orthopaedic disorders, but their effect on torn rotator cuff muscles has never been investigated. To study the effect of exosomes isolated from human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs-Exos) on muscle degeneration, regeneration, and biomechanical properties in a rat model of a massive rotator cuff tear (MRCT). Controlled laboratory study. A bilateral supraspinatus and infraspinatus tenotomy was performed on rats to create an MRCT model. Forty-two rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups: the sham surgery group, the saline group (lesions treated with a saline injection), and the ASCs-Exos group (lesions treated with an ASCs-Exos injection). Wet muscle weight, fatty infiltration, inflammation, vascularization, regeneration, and biomechanical properties were evaluated at 8 and 16 weeks after surgery. The results revealed that the ASCs-Exos treatment could prevent the atrophy, fatty infiltration, inflammation, and vascularization of muscles in the MRCT model ( P < .001). Additionally, the myofiber regeneration and biomechanical properti

Evidence level

Several human studies show positive signals, while research methods and sample sizes continue to develop.

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