Functional and Aesthetic Periorbital, Ocular Adnexal and Ocular Surface Changes Linked to GLP-1 Receptor Agonists

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Background/Objectives: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonists have revolutionised obesity and type 2 diabetes management through effective weight loss and metabolic regulation. However, their increasing use has led to reports of adverse aesthetic and functional effects, particularly affecting facial and ocular tissues. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted in October 2025 across PubMed, Embase, and Medline using the terms "GLP-1 receptor agonist," "Ozempic face," "facial lipoatrophy," "ocular surface disease," "orbital fat," and related combinations. Studies reporting facial, periorbital, orbital, or ocular surface changes associated with GLP-1 or GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists were included. Reference lists were screened to identify additional sources. Results: Evidence suggests that GLP-1 and dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists may contribute to rapid facial volume loss, dermal fat atrophy, and periocular hollowing-collectively termed "Ozempic face." The mechanism is multifactorial, involving both weight-loss-related fat depletion and potential modulation of adipocyte differentiation. Ocular surface improvements have been observed in some studies. Radiologic data demonstrate preferential superficial midface fat loss, informing potential aesthetic correction strategies. Conclusions: GLP-1-based ther

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

Browse all related research

Filter the research library by this study's title keywords, author, or publication year.