The Human Omental Adipose Depot Mitigates Inflammation, Immune Response, and Oxidative Stress Pathways in Response to Injury via Its Secretome.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Human intraperitoneal omental adipose tissue, part of the visceral adipose depots, surrounds the abdominal organs and has functions distinct from the subcutaneous adipose depots. In the clinical setting, it is observed that the omentum is beneficial to combat internal sources of inflammation, oxidative stress, and injury-related stress. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in these functions are not fully understood. We previously demonstrated that adipose stem cells derived from human omental adipose tissue (om-hASCs) secrete exosomes (exos). We and others have extensively evaluated the subcutaneous adipose depot-derived exosomes; however, the role of adipose stem cells derived from the human omental depot (om-hASCs) remains less known. In this study, we postulated that exosomes from om-hASCs (om-hASCexos) drive the repair ability of the omentum to heal organs after internal injury and insults. First, we characterized the om-hASCexos using a proteomic analysis which identified the distinct cargo. Using in vitro injury models, we show that om-hASCexos significantly improve cell migration and proliferation, while decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation. To study acute in vivo healing, a rat wound model was evaluated. Om-hASCexos significantly improved the healing rate of injuries. RNAseq revealed that om-hASCexo treatment acts upon pathways associated with lipid and f

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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