Immunomodulatory features of MSC-derived exosomes decorated with DC-specific aptamer for improving sublingual immunotherapy in allergic mouse model.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is an effective and injection-free route for allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT). Mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes (Exo) has been identified as a novel delivery platform with immunomodulatory capacities. In addition, targeting agents such as aptamers (Apt) have been extensively used for specific delivery approaches such as direct delivery of allergen formulations to dendritic cells (DC) to improve the efficacy of specific immunotherapy. In this study, we assessed the effects of MSC-derived Exos containing ovalbumin (Ova) which decorated with DC-specific aptamer in allergic rhinitis mice model. Exos were harvested from adipose tissue-derived MSCs, and Exo-Apt-Ova complex was formulated. Then, Ova-induced allergic asthma model was simulated and sensitized BALB/c mice were treated sublingually with Exo-Apt-Ova complex (5 µg Ova) twice weekly for 8 weeks. Ova-specific IgE levels in serum and concentrations of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-4, and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) in the supernatant of cultured splenocytes were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, lung histologic analysis and nasopharyngeal lavage fluid (NALF) cell count were performed. Administration of Ova-incorporated Apt-modified Exos dramatically increased IFN-γ and TGF-β levels, and decreased IL-4 and IgE

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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