The impact of microstructure and extracellular matrix suspension on the proliferation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells for osteochondral defect repair

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Osteochondral defects are a challenge in orthopaedic surgery due to the complexity and function of cartilage. Within this scenario, this study aimed to develop/characterize bioactive porous supports based on oxidized polyvinyl alcohol (OxPVA), with/without human cartilage-derived decellularized ECM (dECM), as platforms for HM1-SV40 cell adhesion and proliferation. OxPVA scaffolds were fabricated using a particle-leaching technique (gelatin concentrations: 10%, 15% and 25% w/w); Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the ultrastructure, and a morphometric study assessed pores number, size and porosity percentage. Fluorescence Recovery after Photobleaching (FRAP) was used to evaluate the interconnectivity of the scaffold pores. To enhance the bioactivity of OxPVA, dECM (25% w/w) was incorporated into the scaffolds; thus, the expression of genes related to collagen synthesis and cartilage differentiation/remodelling in seeded HM1-SV40 cells was analyzed by quantitative PCR; relative protein expression levels of SOX9, ACAN and COMP were also assessed. Composite scaffolds biocompatibility was proved by subcutaneous implantation in Sprague-Dawley. As for bone, 3D-printed polylactic acid (PLA)-based scaffolds with varying geometries (67%, 53% and 40% porosity; 600-1400 µm pores size) were fabricated and tested in vitro . Lower gelatin concentrations led to numerous sup

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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