Incretin-based approaches for type 2 diabetes therapy: effects on circulating cytokines and adipocyte's secretome.

Early human evidence such as case series or small samples is exploring possible benefits.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Background Adipose tissue secretome plays a crucial role in the mechanisms of metabolic diseases. Weight loss has a favourable effect on the adipose tissue secretome and prevents the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications. The most effective methods of glycaemic control are bariatric surgery (BS) and pharmacotherapy. The aim of our study is to evaluate changes in adipose tissue secretome after BS and semaglutide injections. Methods 17 patients with T2DM were examined before and 6 months after BS or semaglutide therapy. The examination protocol included anthropometry, clinical biochemistry, insulin resistance evaluation and collection of subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies. Adipose derived stem cells (ADSC) were isolated from biopsies according to a standard enzymatic protocol and differentiated into white and beige adipocytes. Adipogenesis and thermogenesis were assessed by confocal microscopy. Secretome of adipocytes and cytokines plasma levels were analyzed using a MILLIPLEX panel. Results Following BS and semaglutide therapy, a decline in BMI, total fat content, HbA1c, and fasting blood glucose was observed. Insulin sensitivity increased only 6 months after BS. Semaglutide therapy resulted in the elevation of angiogenic and proinflammatory cytokines in adipocyte secretory profile. After BS we also detected the increase in proinflammatory cytoki

Evidence level

Early human evidence such as case series or small samples is exploring possible benefits.

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