Integrating network pharmacology with ex-vivo analysis to assess the effect of IL-2 in halting breast cancer: involvement of Treg/CTLA-4/Blimp-1/caspase-3
Shousha SA., Ibrahim SSA., Kadry H., Youssef EA., Qabany Y., Darwish AA.
Prospective Study, published in Sci Rep (2026) — summary generated from the PubMed abstract.
Early human evidence such as case series or small samples is exploring possible benefits.
- Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
- Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
- Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
- Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
- Emerging · Emerging topic under active research
This page is generated from the PubMed record. The Thai description is an automated summary of bibliographic fields and the abstract, not a full translation, and is not medical advice.
- Study type
- Prospective Study
- Journal
- Sci Rep (2026)
- Reported sample size
- —
- Source database
- Europe PMC
- PMID
- 42192107
- PMCID
- PMC13212898
- DOI
- 10.1038/s41598-026-52551-2
Abstract (original English)
The T lymphocytes have a vital role in tumor immunosurveillance within the tumor microenvironment (TME) but on the other hand, the TME adopts several mechanisms that cause inhibition and apoptosis to effector T cells leading to tumor immune evasion. The controversial role of interleukin-2 (IL-2) was demonstrated by promoting the activation and proliferation of different immune cells such as NK cells, effector and regulatory T cells (T regs). Thus, ex-vivo approach was used to investigate IL-2 anti-tumor effect on breast cancer cells isolated from Egyptian patients after mastectomy via modulating Treg/CTLA-4/Blimp-1/caspase-3 trajectory. Previous to the ex-vivo approach we aimed to find common targets between IL-2 and breast cancer disease using network pharmacology. Results of network pharmacology illustrated that there were 35 common targets including CD4, CTLA-4 and caspase 3. Breast cancers cells obtained were then cultured in the presence of 10 µl of (50 ng/ml) recombinant IL-2 for 24 h. Results revealed that tissue culture supplementation with IL-2 significantly reduced T regs within the TME via inhibiting the tumor expression of CD25 and Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3). In addition, it was found that IL-2 significantly decreased the expression of the inhibitory receptor CTLA-4 and increased the expression of B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1(Blimp-1), leading to the activ
What this study does not prove
- • This study does not prove SVF is an approved treatment or a replacement for standard care.
Evidence level
Early human evidence such as case series or small samples is exploring possible benefits.
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