Intravenous delivery of adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells attenuates acute radiation-induced lung injury in rats.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Background aims Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) commonly occurs in patients with thoracic cancer. However, an effective treatment option has not yet been established. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (Ad-MSCs) have significant potential for clinical use, but their role in RILI is currently unknown. We aimed to evaluate the therapeutic capacity of Ad-MSCs to heal acute RILI in rats. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. Rat Ad-MSCs were delivered through the tail veins of rats 2 h after thorax irradiation. Lung histopathologic findings, pulmonary levels of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1, IL-6, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α), pro-fibrotic factors (transforming growth factor [TGF]-β1, connective tissue growth factor, α-smooth muscle actin and type 1 collagen), pro- or anti-apoptotic mediators (Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3) and the multifunctional factor hepatocyte growth factor were evaluated after Ad-MSC transplant. Results Intravenous delivery of Ad-MSCs attenuated acute RILI. Further studies showed that Ad-MSCs had anti-inflammation and anti-fibrotic effects and maintained lung epithelium integrity, as indicated by reduced serum levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, increased levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, and downregulated transforming growth factor -β1, α-smooth muscle actin a

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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