Isogenic Transplantation of Hybrid Artificial Pleural Tissue Consisting of Rat Cells and Polyglycolic Acid Nanofiber Sheet Induces Restoration of Mesothelial Defects in Rat Model

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Background Impairment of the visceral pleura following thoracic surgery often leads to air leaks and intrathoracic adhesions. For preventing such complications, mesothelial cell proliferation at the pleural defects can be effective. To develop new materials for pleural defects restoration, we constructed a hybrid artificial pleural tissue (H-APLT) combining polyglycolic acid (PGA) nanofiber sheets with a three-dimensional culture of mesothelial cells and fibroblasts and evaluated its therapeutic efficacy in a rat pleural defect model. Methods After rat lungs were harvested, pleural mesothelial cells and lung fibroblasts were cultured separately. To construct H-APLT, the cells were then coated with multiple layers of fibronectin and gelatin, followed by a single layer of mesothelial cells on top of multiple layers of fibroblasts accumulated onto a collagen-coated PGA nanofiber sheet. Left lateral thoracotomy was performed, and H-APLTs were transplanted into a rat model with pleural defects (N = 8). After 2-12 weeks of transplantation, lung resection and histological analyses were performed. Results H-APLTs exhibited a pleural structure with a highly integrated mesothelial layer in vitro. After transplantation, all eight rats survived until sacrifice. At 12 weeks post-transplantation, the mesothelial layer on the lung surface was observed to be without defects with no intrathorac

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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