Limited Endothelial Plasticity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Revealed by Quantitative Phenotypic Comparisons to Representative Endothelial Cell Controls.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Considerable effort has been directed toward deriving endothelial cells (ECs) from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) since 2004, when it was first suggested that ECs and adipocytes share a common progenitor. While the capacity of ASCs to express endothelial markers has been repeatedly demonstrated, none constitute conclusive evidence of an endothelial phenotype as all reported markers have been detected in other, non-endothelial cell types. In this study, quantitative phenotypic comparisons to representative EC controls were used to determine the extent of endothelial differentiation being achieved with ASCs. ASCs were harvested from human subcutaneous abdominal white adipose tissue, and their endothelial differentiation was induced using well-established biochemical stimuli. Reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and parallel reaction monitoring mass spectrometry were used to quantify their expression of endothelial genes and corresponding proteins, respectively. Flow cytometry was used to quantitatively assess their uptake of acetylated low-density lipoprotein (AcLDL). Human umbilical vein, coronary artery, and dermal microvascular ECs were used as positive controls to reflect the phenotypic heterogeneity between ECs derived from different vascular beds. Biochemically conditioned ASCs were found to upregulate their expression of end

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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