The Lower in Vivo Osteogenicity of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells Correlates with a Higher Innate Immune Response.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Abstract Background: Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ATSCs) have been used as an alternative to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) for bone tissue engineering applications. However, the ability of ATSCs to promote new bone formation remains lower than that of BMSCs. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying osteogenicity differences between human ATSCs and BMSCs in tissue-engineered constructs, focusing on the effects of the innate immune response on this process. Methods: In vivo bone formation induced by transplanted human BMSCs and ATSCs combined with ceramic granules was evaluated in an ectopic mouse model. Explants were analyzed by micro-computerized tomographic and histology analyses. Kinetic analyses of both the expressed human and murine genes pertaining to osteogenesis and inflammatory response in tissue constructs explanted at 0, 7, 14, and 28 days post-implantation were performed. The gene expression and secretome profiles of pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines in both ATSC and BMSC were analyzed. Results: In contrast to ATSC-containing constructs, which did not induce bone formation, BMSC constructs consistently did so. Implanted BMSCs, concomitantly with host murine progenitors, differentiated into the osteogenic lineage early post-implantation. In contrast, ATSCs differentiated later, when few implanted via

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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