Mechanistic insights into periodontal ligament stem cell-derived exosomes in tissue regeneration

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Objective This review comprehensively examined the emerging role of exosomes derived from periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC-Exos) in regenerative medicine and dentistry, with a particular focus on their therapeutic potential in periodontitis-a prevalent inflammatory disease characterized by the progressive destruction of periodontal tissues. Methods An initial search on Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed using terms associated with exosomes (i.e., exosomes, exosomal, extracellular vesicles, and EVs) and periodontal ligament stem cells without any limitation of publication year and field of study was performed on October 31st, 2024. Results PDLSC-Exos demonstrated significant therapeutic efficacy in both bone and periodontal regeneration as well as various medical conditions through the enhancement of cellular proliferation, osteoblast differentiation, and the modulation of inflammatory responses. These exosomes function by regulating miRNA and activating essential signaling pathways, thereby facilitating periodontal/bone regeneration, angiogenesis, and tissue repair in disorders such as periodontitis, OTM, and skeletal bony defects. Furthermore, they exhibited anti-inflammatory properties, leading to improved outcomes under inflammatory conditions such as periodontitis, IBD, and MS. Moreover, PDLSC-Exos played a role in anti-microbial and anti-cancer interventions, demonst

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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