Level D· Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studiesNarrative ReviewEurope PMCOpen access

From Medical Imaging to Bioprinted Tissues: The Importance of Workflow Optimisation for Improved Cell Function

Rodríguez Rego JM., Mendoza Cerezo L., Iñesta Vaquera FA., Picado Tejero D., Marcos Romero AC.

Narrative Review, published in Expert Rev Mol Med (2025) — summary generated from the PubMed abstract.

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Level D· Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studiesEvidence level of this study

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

  • Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
  • Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
  • Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
  • Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
  • Emerging · Emerging topic under active research
Read the A–D evidence level guide

This page is generated from the PubMed record. The Thai description is an automated summary of bibliographic fields and the abstract, not a full translation, and is not medical advice.

Study type
Narrative Review
Journal
Expert Rev Mol Med (2025)
Reported sample size
—
Source database
Europe PMC
PMID
40936231
PMCID
PMC12558632
DOI
10.1017/erm.2025.10018

Abstract (original English)

Background The rapid advancement of 3D bioprinting is transforming possibilities in tissue engineering and personalised medicine, offering innovative solutions to critical biomedical challenges such as organ shortages and the need for precise 3D cellular models. To fully unlock the potential of this technology, anoptimised and comprehensive workflow is essential. Methods This review provides a systematic examination of the bioprinting process, covering key steps from medical image acquisition to the validation of bioprinted structures. The analysis includes biomaterial and cell type selection, conversion of DICOM images into 3D-printable models, and slicing techniques. Results Key factors influencing the precision, viability, and clinical relevance of bioprinted tissues are identified. Comparisons between planar and non-planar slicing algorithms highlight their impact on scaffold integrity. The review also discusses advancements in algorithm development, bioprinter technology, and biomaterial optimisation, emphasising their role in enhancing reproducibility and functionality. Conclusions This structured review offers actionable insights for researchers and practitioners aiming to refine bioprinting workflows. By integrating improvements across imaging, modelling, and material selection, 3D bioprinting can more effectively support the development of clinically relevant construct

What this study does not prove

  • • This study does not prove SVF is an approved treatment or a replacement for standard care.
  • • This is a narrative review: it collects no new patient data and does not systematically appraise evidence quality.

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

How we grade evidence
AnimalsHumansBiocompatible MaterialsDiagnostic ImagingTissue EngineeringRegenerative MedicineTissue ScaffoldsWorkflowBioprintingPrinting, Three-Dimensional

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