Modulating the biological response in vitro through hydrofluoric acid surface etching of ceria-stabilized zirconia/alumina/strontium hexa-aluminate composites.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Ceria-stabilized Zirconia/Alumina/Strontium hexa-Aluminate composites are promising candidates as metal-free dental implants. Isostatic pressed and sintered Ce 11 ZA 8 Sr 8 composites were prepared as regular disks starting from powders with composition 84 vol% ceria-stabilized zirconia (at 11 mol% ceria), 8 vol% α-Al 2 O 3 and 8 vol% SrAl 12 O 19 and they were either exposed to increasing etching treatment time (1 h, 2 h, 3 h) with hydrofluoric acid, or kept as a control, to determine the biological response elicited in human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (ASCs), oral epithelial cells (SGs), and oral primary fibroblasts (PFs) cultured in vitro. FESEM microscopy and surface roughness assessment evidenced qualitatively and quantitatively an increasing roughness according to the etching time. Surface free energy was increased on roughened surfaces. The three cell types responded differently in terms of immediate adhesion (20 min), cell morphology (24 h), and proliferation up to 3 days. ASCs grew slowly, while SGs proliferated increasingly on all the surfaces, and PFs grew significantly more on the non-etched surface than on the etched surfaces (second and third day). ASCs were osteodifferentiated up to 4 weeks, studying gene expression and osteocalcin release. The interface characteristics of Ce 11 ZA 8 Sr 8 composites could be exploited to modulate cell response in vitro, with

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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