A novel antibacterial hydrogel containing aminophylline as a versatile platform for neural differentiation of hWJMSCs through the CREB pathway

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

This study aims to develop a novel antibacterial hydrogel scaffold composed of gelatin (Gel), amniotic membrane extract (AME), and aminophylline (AMP) for neural regeneration. We investigate its ability to sustain AMP release, inhibit bacterial growth, and promote neural differentiation of human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (hWJMSCs) via the CREB pathway, addressing unmet needs in neural tissue engineering. The composite hydrogels were synthesized and characterized using various methods and techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), porosity, contact angle, water uptake, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), biodegradation, tensile strength, drug release, and antibacterial activity. Biocompatibility tests (MTT assay, AO/EB staining) confirmed > 95% viability of hWJMSCs over six days and their differentiation to the neural cells was analyzed through immunocytochemistry (ICC) staining and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at different time points. The results demonstrate the successful synthesis of porous hydrogels with desirable properties, including hydrophilicity, thermal stability, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The hydrogels support the sustained release of AMP (53.18% over 336 h) and exhibit antibacterial activity agains

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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