Oil Droplet in Apoptotic Uniocular Adipocyte: A Double-Edged Sword in Determining Macrophage Phenotype and its Implications on Fat Grafting.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Background Fat grafting procedure is increasingly popular. However, unstable retention rate hindered its further application. Research primarily focuses on the revascularization of grafted fat. Methods The membrane mature adipocyte aggregate cultures method was used to culture uniocular adipocytes in vitro. Staurosporine was used to induce apoptosis in uniocular adipocytes, multi-ocular adipocytes, and adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). The apoptotic uniocular adipocytes were examined by scanning electron microscopy, and methanol was used to stimulate fusion of apoptotic adipocytes. Immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting were used to identify macrophage phenotypes after co-culture with apoptotic uniocular adipocytes and fused oil droplets. Results Uniocular adipocytes maintained their morphology even after apoptosis induction, while multi-ocular adipocytes and ASCs cracked and released cellular components. Methanol induced fusion of apoptotic uniocular adipocytes, and the fused large oil droplets attracted multiple cell debris, as indicated by DAPI/PI staining. Co-culture with apoptotic uniocular adipocytes induced the M2 polarization, whereas co-culture with fused oil droplets induced M1 polarization. Conclusions This study demonstrated that the surface tension of uniocular adipocytes preserves basic cellular morphology and promotes M2 polarization. In contrast, in u

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

Browse all related research

Filter the research library by this study's title keywords, author, or publication year.