Optimizing mandibular bone defect reconstruction using adipose-derived stem cells on 3-dimensionally printed polycaprolactone/xenograft scaffolds in canine model.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Background Mandibular bone defects present significant challenges in reconstructive surgery due to their complex structure, and the body's limited ability to heal these areas naturally. Tissue engineering provides a promising solution, combined with stem cell therapy to overcome these obstacles. This study investigated the effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) cultured on novel three-dimensional (3D)-printed polycaprolactone/xenograft scaffolds on the reconstruction and regeneration of segmental mandibular bone defects in canine models. Methods 3D-printed personalized PCL/xenograft scaffolds were designed and fabricated. After isolation and cultivation of canine ADSCs from their falciform tissues, they were seeded on 3D-printed scaffolds sterilized by gamma ray and implanted on 20 mm unilateral segmental mandibular bone defects of three dogs as the experimental group. Another three dogs received untreated scaffolds for their segmental defects. The defects were fixed with titanium plates. At 20 weeks post-implantation, the animals were sacrificed, the samples were harvested from all animals of both groups and three-dimensional microcomputed tomography (MicroCT), histopathological and immunohistochemistry analyses were performed. The parameters assessed included bone volume fraction, trabecular separation, trabecular number, trabecular thickness, new bone form

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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