Optimizing Photobiomodulation for Smooth Muscle Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Using Retinoic Acid and TGFβ in a Two-Dimensional Model.
Mbuyu C., Abrahamse H., Crous A.
Animal Study, published in Cells (2026) — summary generated from the PubMed abstract.
Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.
- Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
- Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
- Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
- Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
- Emerging · Emerging topic under active research
This page is generated from the PubMed record. The Thai description is an automated summary of bibliographic fields and the abstract, not a full translation, and is not medical advice.
- Study type
- Animal Study
- Journal
- Cells (2026)
- Country
- Switzerland
- Reported sample size
- —
- Source database
- PubMed
- PMID
- 42121890
- PMCID
- PMC13162622
- DOI
- 10.3390/cells15090789
Abstract (original English)
Smooth muscle (SM) dysfunction contributes to several pathological conditions, including atherosclerosis; current treatment strategies often fail to restore functional contractility. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) offer a promising cell source for regenerative medicine due to their accessibility and multipotency. Their differentiation into smooth muscle cells (SMC) is commonly driven by biochemical cues such as retinoic acid and transforming growth factor β; however, supporting this process with additional, non-invasive stimuli may enhance outcomes. Photobiomodulation (PBM) has emerged as a potential modulator of cellular metabolism, mitochondrial function and lineage commitment; however, its role in ADSCs to SMC differentiation remains insufficiently defined. ADSCs were irradiated with green (525 nm), near-infrared (825 nm) or dual wavelengths at 5 J/cm 2 and 10 J/cm 2 alongside the growth factors. Proliferation, cytotoxicity, mitochondrial membrane potential, collagen production, migration and smooth muscle marker expression were assessed. PBM induced a fluence-dependent biphasic response. 5 J/cm 2 fluences enhanced proliferation, mitochondrial activity, collagen deposition and organized SMC marker expression, whereas 10 J/cm 2 fluences lowered proliferation and membrane potential, reduced collagen and increased migration. PBM at 5 J/cm 2 , especially greenlight, most eff
What this study does not prove
- • This study does not prove SVF is an approved treatment or a replacement for standard care.
- • This is preclinical work; animal or laboratory results cannot be applied to humans.
Evidence level
Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.
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