Polymer Casting and Water Immersion-Based Large-Area Graphene Transfer for Flexible Electronics Fabrication

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

This study focuses on developing an efficient large-area graphene transfer method that combines high-throughput and precise laser engraving, simple polymer casting, and water immersion to fabricate conductive graphene and biodegradable polymer-based implantable flexible electronic devices. The low-temperature treatment of graphene sheets on a glass substrate reduced graphene sheet roughness and increased hydrophobicity, enabling facile and high-efficiency (∼100%) large-area graphene transfer to a flexible polymer substrate. This method also benefited from differences in the work of adhesion at the graphene sheet/glass substrate and the graphene sheet/flexible polymer substrate interfaces. The transferred graphene sheets showed stability, structural integrity, and high conductivity (∼40 Ω/sq sheet resistance) under in vitro and in vivo mimicking conditions. The low-temperature-treated and laser-engraved conductive graphene patterns, transferred on a flexible and biodegradable polymer substrate, demonstrated in vitro cytocompatibility on different cells. Two flexible electronic devices (1─a graphene coil-integrated electrode cuff and 2─an interdigitated graphene cuff-integrated piezoelectric device) were fabricated using the developed method, and both demonstrated functionality and proof of concept by generating output voltages that can enhance cell/tissue regeneration. In additi

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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