Level D· Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studiesAnimal StudyEurope PMCOpen access

Preclinical Testing of 3D Printed, Cell Loaded Hydrogel Based Corneal Substitutes on Rabbit Model

Basoz D., Akalinli A., Buyuksungur S., Celebi ARC., Yucel D., Hasirci N.

Animal Study, published in Macromol Biosci (2025) — summary generated from the PubMed abstract.

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Level D· Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studiesEvidence level of this study

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

  • Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
  • Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
  • Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
  • Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
  • Emerging · Emerging topic under active research
Read the A–D evidence level guide

This page is generated from the PubMed record. The Thai description is an automated summary of bibliographic fields and the abstract, not a full translation, and is not medical advice.

Study type
Animal Study
Journal
Macromol Biosci (2025)
Reported sample size
—
Source database
Europe PMC
PMID
40145466
PMCID
PMC12259405
DOI
10.1002/mabi.202400595
Citations
3

Abstract (original English)

Many people lose their vision due to corneal stroma injuries of the eye and the golden solution is transplantation of allografts from donors. Unfortunately, the limited availability of donor tissue, risk of disease transmission, and immune rejection are serious handicaps. However, implants made of biomaterials can be used as substitutes. In this study, cell-loaded and cell-free, methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) implants are 3D printed and tested under in vitro conditions. The samples are physically characterized for their printability, equilibrium water content, compressive mechanical strength, and transparency; they retained 60%-80% of light transmission in the visible region as in the native corneas. In brief, they are suitable for further testing. Then cell loaded samples are tested in vivo on New Zealand white rabbits for 90 days. In the in vivo tests, these cell loaded, disk shaped implants are almost completely degraded and allowed reorganization of the tissue forming at the implantation site. Also, the immune response initially observed decreased in time and by the end of 90 days the tissue regained its normal, healthy architecture with multilayered, non-keratinized epithelium. It can be concluded that the implants developed in this study are promising for clinical use in corneal stroma recovery.

What this study does not prove

  • • This study does not prove SVF is an approved treatment or a replacement for standard care.
  • • This is preclinical work; animal or laboratory results cannot be applied to humans.

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

How we grade evidence
CorneaCorneal StromaAnimalsRabbitsGelatinBiocompatible MaterialsHydrogelsMaterials TestingPrinting, Three-Dimensional

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