Protective effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes loaded cerium dioxide nanoparticle against deoxynivalenol-induced liver damage

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Background Deoxynivalenol (DON), a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species, posed significant threats to food safety and human health due to its widespread prevalence and detrimental effects. Upon exposure, the liver, which played a crucial role in detoxifying DON, experienced depleted antioxidant levels and heightened inflammatory responses. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-derived exosomes (BMSC-exos) exhibited therapeutic potential by promoting cellular repair and delivering bioactive substances, such as cerium dioxide nanoparticles (CeO₂ NPs), which are recognized for their ability to mitigate oxidative stress and inflammation. Results We successfully loaded BMSC-exos with CeO 2 NPs (BMSC-exos @ CeO 2 ) using extrusion techniques, verified through electron microscopy and elemental mapping. The resulting BMSC-exos @ CeO 2 displayed low cytotoxicity, boosted antioxidant activity, and reduced inflammation in Hepa 1-6 cells with DON condition. In vivo study, BMSC-exos @ CeO 2 maintained stability for 72 h, it also can prevent antioxidant depletion and inhibit liver inflammation under the DON condition. After BMSC-exos @ CeO 2 treatment, multi-omics analyses further highlighted significant changes in metabolic and protein signaling pathways, notably in linoleic and arachidonic acid metabolism. Key pathways about AMPK and JAK1/STAT3 were involved in mitigating liver damage

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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