Recent Advances on Extracellular Vesicles: A Natural Nanomaterial for Biomedical Application
Li F., Liu S., Xu S., Duan H., Wang Y., Li J.
Narrative Review, published in Biomimetics (Basel) (2026) — summary generated from the PubMed abstract.
Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.
- Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
- Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
- Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
- Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
- Emerging · Emerging topic under active research
This page is generated from the PubMed record. The Thai description is an automated summary of bibliographic fields and the abstract, not a full translation, and is not medical advice.
- Study type
- Narrative Review
- Journal
- Biomimetics (Basel) (2026)
- Reported sample size
- —
- Source database
- Europe PMC
- PMID
- 42345705
- PMCID
- PMC13297245
- DOI
- 10.3390/biomimetics11060416
Abstract (original English)
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), naturally secreted by cells as nanoscale lipid bilayer structures, have become a research hotspot in biomedicine owing to their excellent biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and inherent ability to cross biological barriers. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in EVs as natural nanomaterials. The biogenesis mechanisms of EVs are outlined, followed by a comparative analysis of the advantages and limitations of mainstream isolation and purification methods, including ultracentrifugation, size-exclusion chromatography, and microfluidic technologies. The core guiding role of the MISEV 2023 guidelines in standardizing EV characterization is highlighted. Engineering strategies to enhance EV therapeutic efficacy-including parental cell modification, post-isolation physicochemical tailoring, and hybrid vesicle construction-are then reviewed, followed by a comparative analysis of mainstream isolation technologies, emphasizing the trade-offs between purity and yield. Distinct from conventional descriptive reviews, this article establishes a strong biomimetic framework to scrutinize engineering strategies, including parental cell genetic modification, post-isolation physicochemical tailoring, and the fabrication of hybrid bio-synthetic vesicles. The design principles governing targeted delivery, drug-loading physics, and in vivo pharmacoki
What this study does not prove
- • This study does not prove SVF is an approved treatment or a replacement for standard care.
- • This is a narrative review: it collects no new patient data and does not systematically appraise evidence quality.
Evidence level
Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.
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