Resveratrol primed adipose stem cell-derived exosomes alleviate intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury by regulating macrophage polarization.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is a severe clinical condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in understanding the pathophysiology of IRI, effective therapeutic strategies remain limited. Adipose stem cell (ADSC)-derived exosomes (Exo) have been proven to be appropriate candidates for IRI through the anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we investigated whether resveratrol (RSV)-primed ADSC-derived exosomes (RSV-primed Exo) could exert superior effects on alleviating intestinal IRI, and attempted to elucidate the underlying mechanism. For the evaluation of the therapeutic effect of the RSV-primed Exo on intestinal IRI, in vitro and in vivo studies were performed. IRI model was established in male C57BL/6 mice by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 45 min followed by reperfusion. Histopathological analysis, intestinal barrier, the proportion of T cells, and macrophage polarization were investigated. RSV-primed Exo mediated immunosuppressive activity was investigated by bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) co-culture assay in vitro. Flow cytometry determined macrophage polarization. ELISA assays detected the function of macrophages. Furthermore, the role of the NF-κB pathway in RSV-primed Exo induced macrophage polarization was also elucidated. In vivo modeling in intestinal IRI showed that RSV pretreatment enhanced the t

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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