The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Purpose There are effective treatments available for neuropsychiatric disorders; however, numerous factors such as misdiagnosis, delayed diagnosis, varying types of onsets and progression of disorder, as well as long timeframes between diagnosis and treatment, all serve to limit the ability of these treatments to reduce symptoms. This article discusses the unique theragnostic aspects of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in relation to these clinical considerations. Methods An extensive review of the literature was conducted to examine recent findings about EVs and their potential role in early diagnosis and targeted treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders, to examine the biological aspects, diagnostic and therapeutic capacity. Results Pathological states radically change the composition of EVs and their cargo delivery, thereby providing a dynamic disease state. EVs can cross biological barriers, have systemic distribution, provide low immunogenicity and toxicity, and all serve to represent the beginnings of identifying early biomarkers and future methods for delivering therapy needed to administer neuroactive drugs/delivery methods. Conclusion In summary, EVs have potential as a theragnostic platform for neuropsychiatric diseases. Because they offer passive, non-invasive, and actionable diagnostic insights, EVs can be applied to therapeutically manage neuropsychiatric disorders, whi

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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