The Role of the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury: A Review of the Latest Experimental Data

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition with a high incidence, leading to irreversible motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunctions. Despite significant advances in understanding the pathophysiology of SCI, effective therapeutic strategies for regeneration remain elusive. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has emerged as a key player in various developmental and pathological processes, including tissue regeneration, neuroprotection, and inflammation, all of which are crucial in SCI. The aim of this paper is to review the current understanding of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of SCI and its potential as a therapeutic target for improving recovery after SCI. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has a distinctive role in SCI pathogenesis, encompassing regulation of inflammation, apoptosis, glial scar, axonal repair and regeneration, and angiogenesis. Many treatment modalities, such as pharmaceutical administration, stem cell transplantation, gene therapy, electric stimulation, and the use of biomaterials and exosomes, exert beneficial effects in SCI animal models by interacting with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a multifaceted role in the pathogenesis of SCI and offers a promising avenue for therapeutic intervention. Its effects depend on the specific Wnt ligands involved, the injury stage, and t

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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