Sarcopenia and fat loss from serial CT predict survival in multiple myeloma patients undergoing stem cell transplantation.

Early human evidence such as case series or small samples is exploring possible benefits.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Frailty and sarcopenia are associated with adverse outcomes in multiple myeloma (MM), but their longitudinal changes and clinical relevance remain unclear. This study evaluated the longitudinal changes in body composition parameters derived from computed tomography (CT) scans and their association with survival and functional decline in MM patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). We analyzed 49 MM patients who underwent three sequential CT scans between 2009 and 2024. CT-based body composition parameters-skeletal muscle index (SMI), paraspinal muscle index (PSMI), psoas muscle index (PMI), skeletal muscle density (SMD), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT)-were measured at the L3 level. Changes in these parameters were assessed over the disease course, and their impact on survival and functional outcome was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression models and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses. CT morphometric body composition parameters declined significantly over time in both sexes. In males, SMI decreased from 48.6 ± 7.1 to 38.4 ± 8.1 cm 2 /m 2 (-21%, p < 0.0001); in females, from 36.6 ± 7.8 to 26.9 ± 4.7 cm 2 /m 2 (-26%, p < 0.0001). VAT declined from 115.9 ± 9.1 to 84.9 ± 9.7 cm 2 in males (-27%, p < 0.0001) and from 63.5 ± 7.1 to 42.1 ± 7.7 cm 2 in females (-34%, p < 0.0001). Patients < 55 years showed comparable declines (e.g., male SMI -21%, V

Evidence level

Early human evidence such as case series or small samples is exploring possible benefits.

Browse all related research

Filter the research library by this study's title keywords, author, or publication year.