Scaffold-assisted Breast Augmentation: Approaching New Horizon by Three-Dimensionally Printed Personalized Tissue Regenerative Implants.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Current breast augmentation options face limitations and potential associated complications. Implant-based augmentation introduces risks such as capsular contracture and malpositioning, whereas fat grafting poses issues such as induration and infections, necessitating revisions. Tissue engineering, integrating 3-dimensional (3D) printing and biomaterials science, aims to overcome these challenges. However, the clinical translation of these advancements remains challenging, with many approaches falling short in demonstrating the necessary volume regeneration. A 28-year-old yoga instructor with a disinterest in traditional options sought an alternative solution. Custom-made biocompatible thermoplastic copolyester implants were proposed, approved, and implemented. Our approach utilized artificial intelligence, magnetic resonance imaging, computer-aided design, and lattice structure engineering for customizing the implant design. Three-dimensional printing and plasma technology surface treatment created implants of 300 and 315 cm 3 volumes, weighting around 33 g with biomimetic properties. Implants were placed in the subglandular plane; an 8-month follow-up revealed well-maintained implants without complications, except for a conservatively managed hematoma, and excellent cosmetic outcomes. Magnetic resonance imaging analysis revealed revascularization and new tissue formation with

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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