A serum-free adipose-conditioned medium delays stem cell senescence and maintains tissue homeostasis via IL-6/STAT3 axis suppression.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Background Stem cell exhaustion and cellular senescence are two hallmarks of aging. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as key players in tissue regeneration, are particularly vulnerable to senescence, which compromises both their endogenous regenerative capacity and their therapeutic efficacy in cell-based applications. Suppressing MSC senescence is therefore essential for developing effective regenerative and anti-aging strategies. Methods We developed a serum-free adipose-conditioned medium (SF-ACM) from in vitro-cultured human adipose explants. Its anti-aging effects were evaluated in oxidative stress-induced and replicative senescence models of human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), assessing proliferation, senescence markers, migration, and trilineage differentiation. Parallel experiments in senescent human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) examined proliferation, fibrosis, and senescence features. In vivo, male C57BL/6 J mice (4 or 16 months old) with D-galactose-induced and naturally aged mice received intraperitoneal SF-ACM. Aging phenotypes were analyzed in skin, adipose tissue, muscle, kidney, and serum, along with hepatic and renal safety assessments. Results SF-ACM significantly reduced senescence-associated markers, including p16, p21, p53, and SA-β-gal, enhanced Lamin B1 expression, and improved the proliferation, migration, and differentiation capacities of ADSCs. It also

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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